DiversiTech

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PSC Motors (and Compressors) A permanent split capacitor - (PSC) motor does not have separate capacitors for starting and running. Rather, a single capacitor, sized somewhere between the appropriate start and the appropriate start and run sizes, is used in series with the motor’s start winding. This permanently connected capacitor functions as an undersized start capacitor and an oversized run capacitor. This single capacitor design is energy efficient and works well under low starting torque requirements. When there are higher starting torque needs (as in a hard to start condition), the motor will draw abnormally high current and may not start at all. When a motor draws higher than normal current in a residential air conditioning installation, lights in the home will dim, and the motor will create excess heat, reducing its usable life. thermostatic expansion Valves Use of a thermostatic expansion valve (TEV) can dramatically improve the efficiency of a cooling system. By accurately controlling the system’s superheat, the TEV achieves full utilization of evaporator coil surface area. A drawback to the use of TEVs with PSC motor powered compressors is the need for off-cycle pressure equalization. Specifically, when the system is off, and the compressor is not cycling refrigerant, the TEV is closed. The closed TEV does not allow refrigerant to flow through the system. The non-flowing refrigerant can cause high back pressure on the discharge of the compressor, and hence a hard starting condition. Select TEVs can be sized with a bleed port that allows a small flow of liquid refrigerant to bypass the TEV. Normal industry practice is for bleed holes to equalize systems in 3 to 5 minutes. By definition, TEV bleed ports are very small – normally 0.028” to 0.055”. As in any control valve, small holes are prone to corrosion and debris. TEVs with bleed holes are typically available only on original equipment, and are normally not available in the aftermarket. Additionally, TEVs with bleed holes are typically available only on original equipment. TEVs with bleed holes are normally not available in the aftermarket. The simple solution is to install a hard startkit whenever a TEV is installed on a system.	PTC Devices Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) equipped hard start kits use a thermally controlled resistor to connect and disconnect the boosting capacitor in the motor circuit. circuit. At ambient temperature, the PTC has low resistance (near short circuit), and hence the boosting capacitor is connected to the motor circuit. As the motor starts, and begins to draw current, the PTC warms up, ultimately reaching a temperature near 180°C, has high resistance (open circuit) and disconnects the boosting capacitor from themotor circuit. This thermally based capacitor disconnection may ormay not be after the motor actually starts. If the boosting capacitor disconnects before the motor starts, the hard start kit has little effect on starting. Once the motor circuit is de-energized, the PTC must cool down to ambient temperature before the boosting capacitor is connected back in the circuit. This cool down process can take 3 to 5 minutes. timing Devices A hard start kit equipped with a timing device simply uses a several hundred millisecond or several second time delay. This delay leaves the boosting capacitor in the circuit until the timer expires and disconnects it from the motor circuit. Voltage Monitoring (Potential Relay) Devices During starting the voltage present on the auxiliary (starting) winding varies in proportion to the rotor speed and the applied line voltage. When the rotor is stopped or turning at low RPM, the voltage (in electrical terms called potential) is also low. As the motor spins up to speed, the voltage increases to a point where a voltage sensing device (potential relay) opens and disconnects the start boost capacitor. Vari-Torque The best motor starting technology is a combination of voltage monitoring and timing. The Vari-Torque uses a precision relay to monitor voltage, and an adjustable timer to precisely dial in the amount of time the boosting capacitor is connected in the circuit. Vari-Torque allows adjustment of the applied start boost-seconds while maintaining potentiometric protection of the start winding through precision electronic monitoring of the motor’s dynamics as the rotor comes up to speed.

PSC Motors (and Compressors)

A permanent split capacitor - (PSC) motor does not have separate capacitors for starting and running. Rather, a single capacitor, sized somewhere between the appropriate start and the appropriate start and run sizes, is used in series with the motor’s start winding. This permanently connected capacitor functions as an undersized start capacitor and an oversized run capacitor. This single capacitor design is energy efficient and works well under low starting torque requirements. When there are higher starting torque needs (as in a hard to start condition), the motor will draw abnormally high current and may not start at all. When a motor draws higher than normal current in a residential air conditioning installation, lights in the home will dim, and the motor will create excess heat, reducing its usable life.

thermostatic expansion Valves

Use of a thermostatic expansion valve (TEV) can dramatically improve the efficiency of a cooling system. By accurately controlling the system’s superheat, the TEV achieves full utilization of evaporator coil surface area. A drawback to the use of TEVs with PSC motor powered compressors is the need for off-cycle pressure equalization. Specifically, when the system is off, and the compressor is not cycling refrigerant, the TEV is closed. The closed TEV does not allow refrigerant to flow through the system. The non-flowing refrigerant can cause high back pressure on the discharge of the compressor, and hence a hard starting condition. Select TEVs can be sized with a bleed port that allows a small flow of liquid refrigerant to bypass the TEV. Normal industry practice is for bleed holes to equalize systems in 3 to 5 minutes. By definition, TEV bleed ports are very small – normally 0.028” to 0.055”. As in any control valve, small holes are prone to corrosion and debris. TEVs with bleed holes are typically available only on original equipment, and are normally not available in the aftermarket.

Additionally, TEVs with bleed holes are typically available only on original equipment. TEVs with bleed holes are normally not available in the aftermarket. The simple solution is to install a hard startkit whenever a TEV is installed on a system.

PTC Devices

Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) equipped hard start kits use a thermally controlled resistor to connect and disconnect the boosting capacitor in the motor circuit. circuit. At ambient temperature, the PTC has low resistance (near short circuit), and hence the boosting capacitor is connected to the motor circuit. As the motor starts, and begins to draw current, the PTC warms up, ultimately reaching a temperature near 180°C, has high resistance (open circuit) and disconnects the boosting capacitor from themotor circuit. This thermally based capacitor disconnection may ormay not be after the motor actually starts. If the boosting capacitor disconnects before the motor starts, the hard start kit has little effect on starting. Once the motor circuit is de-energized, the PTC must cool down to ambient temperature before the boosting capacitor is connected back in the circuit. This cool down process can take 3 to 5 minutes.

timing Devices

A hard start kit equipped with a timing device simply uses a several hundred millisecond or several second time delay. This delay leaves the boosting capacitor in the circuit until the timer expires and disconnects it from the motor circuit.

Voltage Monitoring (Potential Relay) Devices

During starting the voltage present on the auxiliary (starting) winding varies in proportion to the rotor speed and the applied line voltage. When the rotor is stopped or turning at low RPM, the voltage (in electrical terms called potential) is also low. As the motor spins up to speed, the voltage increases to a point where a voltage sensing device (potential relay) opens and disconnects the start boost capacitor.

Vari-Torque

The best motor starting technology is a combination of voltage monitoring and timing. The Vari-Torque uses a precision relay to monitor voltage, and an adjustable timer to precisely dial in the amount of time the boosting capacitor is connected in the circuit. Vari-Torque allows adjustment of the applied start boost-seconds while maintaining potentiometric protection of the start winding through precision electronic monitoring of the motor’s dynamics as the rotor comes up to speed.